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Backpacking and Hiking Jargon: Micron (Water Treatment)

A unit of measurement equal to one-millionth of a meter, or a thousandth of a millimeter. You’ll almost certainly hear the term micron used in relation to backcountry water filtration methods. The standard micron size of most popular water filters is usually around .2 microns, but there are filters available with both smaller and larger pore sizes. What’s best? It depends. Most of the things you can actually see in a water source are quite large and will be caught by almost all filters, but

Aaron Zagrodnick

Aaron Zagrodnick in Gear

Silnylon Fabric: Backpacking and Hiking Jargon

Often referred to simply as "sil". Nylon fabric impregnated with a silicone coating on each side. Fairly economical. Typically offered in a 30 denier (30D) fabric weight, with lighter options sometimes available. Often used in lightweight shelters, tarps, and backpacks due to its strength, light weight, and waterproofness. Non-breathable. Silnylon has been a popular backpacking fabric for many years, and although silpoly (sil-polyester) has gained traction in recent years, silnylon's

Aaron Zagrodnick

Aaron Zagrodnick in Gear

The Backpacking Food Cache: Versatile Recipe Ingredients

Grandma Magnanti was an amazing cook. The stereotype of Italian American Sunday dinners that lasted for hours was a reality during my childhood. A multi-course meal that started at noon and ended at about four was common. And the food itself? Often a modern “foodies” delight with now-gourmet dishes such as stuffed artichokes, dark and savory greens sautéed with olive oil and garlic, fried zucchini flowers, and a simple but packed-with-flavor macaroni course such as ziti (to name just a few dishe

PaulMags

PaulMags in Food

Hiking, Backpacking, & Exploring Enchanted New Mexico

In the “must see” places of the outdoors, certain areas seem to garner the most publicity. All names that are found in glossy photos for post cards, magazines or coffee table books. Destinations any backpacker would love to, and should, see at some point. Places to be added to their memories and experiences of where they have spent time in the outdoors. But among these places cataloged, discussed and portrayed in glossy photos is a place of deep canyons, ancient Puebloan sites, high a

PaulMags

PaulMags in Trips

Backpacking the Elusive Eagle Rock Loop of Arkansas

I wince with every step as I cross the river. Bare feet had seemed like a good idea. But now, after too many crossings to count, my soles feel the pain. I grip my trekking poles for stability against the current and tread cautiously on the slick stones, picking my way to the other side. The river glitters in the late afternoon sun. Jessica and Shay are already on the opposite bank, searching for yellow blazes. Before attempting this crossing, we had bushwhacked away from the last vestiges o

Susan Dragoo

Susan Dragoo in Trips

Backpacking in Kluane National Park: A Remote Yukon Hike

Canada. The Yukon: it’s almost synonymous with adventure. And exploring the glaciated terrain of Kluane National Park on foot is an exercise in adventure any way you go about it. Just a few miles into our trip, the trail we’d been following quickly dispersed into a vast valley that I am certain some countries could fit into. The trail of your choosing was the only real path through the snaking mud pits of the low and glaciated brown river. The river which, I assumed in spring, covered our walkwa

jansenjournals

jansenjournals in Trips

Wild: A Film Review by a Pacific Crest Trail Thru-hiker

I thru-hiked the Pacific Crest Trail a while ago, so I was interested to view the film adaptation of the Cheryl Strayed book Wild to see how a long-distance hike was handled as a Hollywood movie. But Wild, the movie isn’t a hiking film; it’s more about a woman’s relationship with herself rather than her relationship with nature. Directed by Jean-Marc Vallèe, Wild follows Cheryl Strayed (played by Reese Witherspoon) on a 1,100 mile cathartic walk along the Pacific Crest Trail. Wild Movie

David Cobb

David Cobb in Reading

Backpacking & Hiking Recipe: Electrolyte Trail Mix

In the world of sports nutrition, the word “electrolyte” refers to minerals dissolved in the body’s fluids that are lost in perspiration. Those little packets of sweetened electrolyte powder or brand name drinks allegedly offer all you need to replenish lost electrolytes during endurance exercise. But real food is often the best nourishment and includes both what you know you need and what you don’t know you need. For electrolyte replenishment on the trail, it is so easy to create a trail m

Cinny Green

Cinny Green in Food

The Lost Girls Ride Again: Hiking the Ouachita Trail

The rock looms large in my headlamp as I stand, trying to gather both my wits and my hiking poles. The sun is long gone, and we are hiking in the dark along the ridge of Fourche Mountain, searching for a flat place to pitch six tents. The guidebook says there is good camping somewhere up ahead, but we’re desperate to stop and in this blackness can see very little beyond the trail’s edge. We are section-hiking the Ouachita Trail, a 223-mile national recreation trail running west to eas

Susan Dragoo

Susan Dragoo in Trips

Hiking Algonquin Peak in the Adirondacks of New York

Algonquin Peak, the second highest peak in New York, lies within the confines of the Adirondacks. She’s the crown jewel of the MacIntyre Range standing at 5,114 feet, dwarfing all but one peak around her. My husband Nick and I had the privilege of hiking Mount Marcy (the highest peak in NY) and Algonquin a few years ago. Mount Marcy left me with tendinitis in my knees while Algonquin was more forgiving. We have be pining to get back ever since. On a recent weekend, Nick and I found ourselves wit

sarahtied

sarahtied in Trips

Hiking Mount Monroe: White Mountains, New Hampshire

For a long time, just thinking about climbing Mount Washington gave me chills and made me nauseous. A few years ago, Nick and I were in the White Mountains of New Hampshire for the first time. Reaching the top of Mount Washington (whether by car, foot, or railway) is a must do. It is the highest peak in New Hampshire and the highest in the Northeast. It is known as the “Home of the World’s Worst Weather” due to the convergence of three different weather systems at its peak. Clear summits are few

sarahtied

sarahtied in Trips

How Not to Lose Your Tent Stakes: Heat Shrink Tubing

Although the venerable titanium shepherd's hook stake is an ultralight favorite, if you've ever used a set you know that one of their drawbacks is their ability to blend into their surroundings when loose on the ground. This can make packing up in the morning frustratingly difficult as you search for that last stake that's somewhere on the ground in a very specific area, but seemingly invisible. To assist, there is one way that will help ensure your set of titanium shepherd's hook stakes all sta

Aaron Zagrodnick

Aaron Zagrodnick in Gear

Glow in the Dark Zipper Pulls: Backpacking Trail Tip

Instead of blowing your night vision out with your state of the art LED headlamp to find that tent and / or sleeping bag zipper late at night, one tip I like to utilize is to use a short length of glow in the dark paracord as a zipper pull for your sleeping bag and tent zippers. Now you can get out of your tent at night without having to fumble to open zippers and can quickly locate your zipper pulls potentially without even having to use your headlamp. When sufficiently "charged", gl

Aaron Zagrodnick

Aaron Zagrodnick in Gear

Crispy Nut Crackers w/ Pepper & Salt Backpacking Recipe

Crispy food has enormous sensory appeal, and this gluten-free cracker also offers great nutrition. We all know nuts are full of omega-3s and minerals as well as protein. Himalayan salt has 84 minerals and trace elements making it important for electrolyte replacement. The high levels of piperine in freshly cracked pepper are an anti-inflammatory. This nut cracker delivers great taste as well as all these benefits. After a spicy bit of cracked pepper, a touch of coconut offers a lightl

Cinny Green

Cinny Green in Food

Cool Ginger Blueberry Cherry Tea Backpacking Recipe

While I’ve shown how to make dehydrated juices in earlier cuisine recipes, here’s the easiest of all…and you only need dried fruit and a pinch of salt (to add those essential electrolytes). I chose blueberries, cherries and ginger because they are especially high in micronutrients critical for the vitality of backcountry exercise. Cool Ginger Blueberry Cherry Tea First the technique: just add a ¼ cup dried fruit and a pinch of salt to your water bottle. Using a wide mouth bottle is bes

Cinny Green

Cinny Green in Food

Hiking the Donjek (Dän Zhùr) Route: Kluane National Park

The opposite bank is tantalizingly close, just a couple of meters away. In fact, it would be fewer than 10 paces on solid ground. Instead, we can only gaze longingly across the un-crossable, raging river that stands between us and the next section of our route. We are stuck on the west bank of the Duke River. It’s a crushing defeat. On a normal hike, this would be a mild inconvenience, but we are on day six of a backpacking epic that is far from normal. View of a scenic upland section

DKim and PatriciaV

DKim and PatriciaV in Trips

Hiking & Camping in Goblin Valley State Park Utah

Located a solid 102 miles from the tourist base at Moab, Goblin Valley gives quiet respite from all things civilized. First discovered by cowboys roaming the range in search of lost cattle, this geological playground was designated as a state park as recent as 1964. Originally the site was known as Mushroom Valley, the name inspired by the comically organic appearance that the rock formations take. Since then, the title of Goblin Valley was added, giving the park an otherworldly name

Jessica Smith

Jessica Smith in Trips

One Pot Thanksgiving Style Backpacking Dinner Recipe

Thanksgiving is the traditional time to give thanks and praise for the blessings in our life. And we often celebrate those blessings with a large dinner shared with family and friends. The centerpiece of this dinner is typically a turkey. Since moving to Colorado, I’ve had all but a handful of Thanksgivings somewhere in the backcountry. Thanksgivings are typically spent among the red rocks and canyons of Utah. And out in the backcountry, I am thankful for the beauty around me, sharing it wi

PaulMags

PaulMags in Food

The Pyrenean Haute Route & GR5: Hiking through France

When I mention hiking in France, it tends to illicit an immediate reaction of assumptions and misconceptions. The comments tend to address the validity of long distance hiking in Europe compared to what most Americans have experienced in the United States. The most common comments include, “Is there real backpacking in France?” “Isn’t it all road walking and overcrowded hostels?” “You need a lot of money to hike out there.” “You know camping is prohibited out there.” “Are there even mountains ou

Wired

Wired in Trips

The Big Burn Film Review

In the American West there are certain characteristics that define this land: wide open spaces, the Rockies climbing to the sky and areas that are still truly wilderness. Another part of the defining characteristics of the American West are wildfires. Both a destructive force but also a necessary part of the natural cycle, wildfires shape not only the natural landscape but also the political process and the lifestyle of the modern American West. And one of the most important of t

PaulMags

PaulMags in Reading

Thru-Hiking the Colorado Trail as a Family

In 1996, when I was 22, my boyfriend, Curry, and I set off on the 471-mile Colorado Trail. Over nine grueling, awe-inspiring, and life-changing weeks, we hiked most of the way from Denver to Durango, only to be snowed out 60 miles before the finish by an October blizzard. Three years later, we returned to hike the final segment on our honeymoon. In 2016, exactly twenty years after we started that first CT hike, we hiked it again, this time with our three sons: Milo, age 15, and the twins, Z

AndreaL

AndreaL in Trips

No Bake Banana Pudding Backpacking Dessert Recipe

Still hungry after that freeze-dried dinner? Dessert is a great way to boost spirits at the end of a long day, but sometimes it’s just too much hassle. Don’t settle for that spare granola bar before climbing in your sleeping bag, check out this seasonally-inspired solution that doesn’t require too much backcountry culinary prowess but still tastes great. As you might expect, this backpacking dessert hits the spot at all times of the year, but it seems particularly appropriate for fall

Aaron Zagrodnick

Aaron Zagrodnick in Food

Trail Tip: Biking Access Roads & Self-Shuttle by Bicycle

Roads that lead to trailheads, particularly in the West, can vary greatly in their suitability for passenger vehicles. Some roads are passable by sedans with minimal clearance, while others are more suited for 4WD and high-clearance. Many fall somewhere in between – a carefully driven car can make it, but a small SUV would make the experience less nerve-wracking. Information about road conditions can usually be found online, in guidebooks or by calling a nearby ranger station and can

Mark Wetherington

Mark Wetherington in Technique

  • Blog Entries

    • Aaron Zagrodnick
      By Aaron Zagrodnick in TrailGroove Blog 0
      Water treatment in the backcountry reminds me of backpacking and hiking footwear just a bit – if you’re not thinking of it when you’re out on the trail, you know you got it right. On the flipside, a water filter or purifier that clogs halfway through a trip will have you baby-sitting a device possibly for hours the rest of the way; a situation to certainly be avoided. In this article we will take a quick look at the best water treatment options currently available.

      Note that there are many ways to go about treating your water in the backcountry, however for the purposes of this article we’ll stick with mechanical treatment. Boiling and chemical treatment can also be used but is not as common (except for melting snow in winter), and my take is that these methods, other than on winter trips, are best utilized either as a backup or for niche ultralight type scenarios. Caveats stated, on to the article.
      Best Backpacking & Hiking Water Filters
      For those that are packing fast and light style and don’t have much time in camp or time for breaks on the trail, and need to only process water for themselves, Katadyn offers their BeFree 1.0 liter system ($45, less than 3 ounces) that offers hollow fiber filtration in a very lightweight, fill-and-drink-as-you-go type of approach and a 1000L rated capacity.
      This would be a suggested option due to its manufacturer-approved integrity test – which I feel is mandatory on any water filter (it just happens in the backcountry – was that small drop too much...did it freeze?). This same BeFree filtration design has also been utilized in their BeFree 3L gravity system ($80, 7 ounces) and the larger capacity BeFree 6L gravity system ($120, 9 ounces).

      For more traditional backpacking with time in camp and perhaps a lunch break appreciated, pump or gravity filters come into play including the latter 2 BeFree options above. For my backpacking, I particularly like the Platypus GravityWorks system ($135, 12 ounces) – you can read our GravityWorks review here. This system may be a little cumbersome with all the hoses but offers reliability, plus the ability to hang the dirty water bag and let gravity do the work. I use the 4L system, but for groups a 6L GravityWorks system is available.
      Platypus also offers their QuickDraw 2L water filtration system ($80, 6 ounces) that is backflushable and integrity-testable. This is a unique setup that you can use multiple ways – connected to plastic bottles, to the included reservoir, etc. – depending on what works best for you.

      Pump filters like this Hiker Pro have been a go-to for decades and are the classic choice.
      Traditionally however pump filters have been the backpacker’s choice, and these filters are still relevant today. However, there are the same hoses as a gravity system to deal with and moving parts are introduced along with some associated weight. Cleaning becomes complicated, maintenance is often increased, and there is more to break. If you like to keep it old school here the Katadyn Hiker Pro ($100, 11 ounces) and the MSR MiniWorks EX ($130, 15 ounces) should be considered. However, unfortunately with no integrity test you’ll have to be especially careful in regards to freezing and drops etc.
      If an inline (with your hydration reservoir) water filter is something you’d like to explore, the MSR Thru-link Water Filter ($55, 3 ounces) is great on price and weight, although you’ll need to do just a little work to integrate into your own setup. However, quick-connects are provided that makes this easier. This filter filters to .2 microns and features activated carbon to improve water taste and quality along with a manufacturer-approved integrity test.

      Gravity, inline, squeeze-type, or pump….see or our full Backpacking & Hiking Water Treatment Guide for pros and cons and more. Hollow-fiber water filters have come to dominate the backpacking and hiking market and for good reason – they typically offer reliable performance, can typically be backflushed / cleaned, and are very light. For more on how to maintain these filters see our hollow fiber water filter maintenance guide.
      Summary: Best Backpacking & Hiking Water Filters
      Katadyn BeFree 1.0 liter
      Katadyn BeFree 3L gravity system
      Katadyn BeFree 6L gravity system
      Platypus GravityWorks 4L
      Platypus GravityWorks 6L
      Platypus QuickDraw 2L
      MSR Thru-link
      Best Hiking & Backpacking Water Purifiers
      While you can add in certain methods to your water processing process with a water filter such as an inline carbon element and / or UV treatment, there are times when a water purifier may be a better choice depending on your backpacking destination and your own comfort level.

      To further treat water, UV devices and / or carbon filters can be added into your water treatment routine if needed.
      I’ve used several purifiers in the past that utilize electro-adsorption technology and while these products hands down produced some of the best tasting water I can imagine, the cartridges quickly clog. If backpacking, you’ll be buying plenty of cartridges and long trips are tough. Even day hiking and processing typical backcountry water can be difficult. While these types of purifiers may be suitable for travel-type purposes or one-off hiking trips, for more frequent use, they are difficult to use when larger volumes of water need to be processed.

      Electro-adsorption purifiers have produced the best tasting and cleanest treated water I've ever experienced in the backcountry. They've also been the fastest to clog.
      For backcountry water purification, and when the best resulting water is desired in an all-in-one type product and something like viruses may be a concern, the MSR Guardian water purifier ($400, 17 ounces) is a go-to choice. You will pay a weight penalty here, as well as a price premium for that matter, but the Guardian is a unique water treatment device – first of all it is a purifier, not a filter – and secondly it can withstand freezing temperatures and drops from up to 6’, both of which are quite unique. Additionally, it has a self-cleaning design and can output up to 2.5L a minute. There is no carbon in this purifier.

      That said, if you prefer the more laid-back, gravity-style approach, MSR now also offers a Guardian Gravity water purifier ($310, 18 ounces). While sharing the name of the Guardian pump system, this cartridge is a bit different – it’s not rated for freezing or drops, but MSR does detail an integrity test you can perform on it if you’re not sure. It also differs in that a carbon stage is included to further polish your water. Output will also be slower and in the .5L / minute range, so make sure you have a little time…but if you’re like me, kicking your feet up while gravity does the work is not a bad way to go about it.
      Summary: Best Hiking and Backpacking Water Purifiers
      MSR Guardian Pump Water Purifier
      MSR Guardian Gravity Water Purifier
      Conclusion
      Every destination is different in regards to water quality, and this is one of the first things to do when it comes to planning for an upcoming trip. If your destinations are all higher mountain destinations and you are picky about where you get your water, it’s possible that one product can cover all your water treatment needs.

      That said, if your adventures take you from the desert to the mountains and everything in between, it’s likely you’ll either collect another product or two over the years and / or add-in methods to further process the water you’ll drink. In the end, there are a lot of tools in the toolbox and when it comes to your backcountry drinking water, it’s best to use the right tool for the job at hand.
      For more background on water treatment methods, what we need to treat for, and water treatment strategy, see our Backpacking and Hiking Water Treatment Guide. You can also find a list of available water filters and purifiers here at REI Co-op.
    • Aaron Zagrodnick
      By Aaron Zagrodnick in TrailGroove Blog 0
      While the popularity of using trail-running shoes or otherwise trail-appropriate low shoes for hiking and backpacking has only risen in recent years and continues on that track – my hiking included – there are times when only a proper boot will do.

      Take a look at our footwear guide (by season) for help deciding between a low shoe or a high hiking boot. And while the trail-runners vs. boots debate (as with all trail gear) will surely only continue, if you’ve decided on a boot, in this article we’ll look at some of the best breathable, waterproof, and winter boots for your next hike.
      Best Summer Hiking & Backpacking Boots
      For summer conditions a mesh, breathable boot will be in order. Mid-height boots are of particular relevance to these hot and dry conditions, while keeping things lighter weight than a high hiking boot, and with breathability increasing foot comfort (and less chance of blisters). Unfortunately, boots meeting these criteria are few and far between.

      With a trail-running shoe heritage, the Lone Altra Peak Hiker series (non-waterproof, $160) is a top choice in this category with plenty of room for your toes, and could be an especially suitable choice if you can’t decide between a boot and a trail-runner. This boot is mid-height and lightweight with zero heel-to-toe drop, but with a sufficient stack height for moderate cushioning as the miles go by. This is a proven shoe-based design and if you’re looking for a minimal hiking / backpacking boot (but not too minimal) for summer hikes look no further.

      For something a little more traditional take a look at the Merrell Moab 3 Mid hiking boots (non-waterproof version, $150) in the men’s version or the women’s version. This in a more traditional hiking boot fashion has a significant leather overlay – not the best for dry times in my experience, but the added durability that leather offers over mesh cannot be questioned. However, rather than completely encapsulating your foot in thick leather like a traditional boot, this mid-height option has a nice mix of leather and mesh for breathability on those summer hikes. Vibram soles round out the package. However be aware that these boots have a higher 11.5mm drop from heel to toe; these will be more like a traditional boot in that regard. This boot is available in standard or wide sizes.

      Although a winter scene is shown here, you can see how leather has a propensity to soak up water. Dry time is long. Leather will require more maintenance. See our gear maintenance & repair guide for details on waterproofing leather boots.
      Summary: Best Summer Hiking & Backpacking Boots
      Altra Lone Peak Hiker
      Merrell Moab 3 Mid (Ventilated)
      Best Shoulder Season / Mild Winter Boots
      It seems like every manufacturer wants to throw in a Gore-Tex or otherwise waterproof lining to every boot that steps off the assembly line, and while this wouldn’t be my first choice for summer hikes as we’ve previously covered, these boots are perhaps the most versatile and are the bread and butter category of hiking boots. One of my favorite mainstream manufacturers – Vasque – typically had some of the most solid offerings in this category for as long as I can remember, with good fit options. Sadly and as they’ve ceased operations just recently, we need to turn to other options these days.

      In this category you’ll find the boots that are perfect for dealing with light moisture or snow and possibly chilly conditions. Additionally, they can be used in summer (albeit with sweaty feet and slower-drying boots), and pushed into winter as well especially with hiking / backpacking gaiters and if you use a vapor barrier liner system and warm socks.
      I’ve found just about all boots in this category seem to run a bit narrow and tight in the toebox, other than Altra, thus I have to either size up into a new size for width, or go for a shoe that comes in wide widths or is by default wider than average. Obviously, the wider shoe in the right size is the better choice than sizing up to gain width.

      Gore-Tex liner in a waterproof / breathable hiking boot.
      One perennial and popular choice can be found in the Salomon X Ultra 5 Mid GORE-TEX hiking boots ($190). Salomon in the past ran their metal eyelets all the way down the boot which I never found to be comfortable, but thankfully this has been updated on recent models. The X Ultra series can be found in both men’s and women’s versions and offers an all-around, middle of the road feature set. This boot has an 11mm heel-toe drop.
      Merrell offers their very popular Moab series here in the Merrell Moab 3 Mid GORE-TEX ($190). While a leather boot – which I like as a natural material, but do not like due to long dry times and a propensity to soak up water – Merrell has luckily designed this one with plenty of ventilation boosting and weight saving cutouts (it has never made sense to me to make a Gore-Tex boot, and then completely encapsulate it in leather). This boot has an 11.5mm drop which as a zero-drop guy, I feel is high but this would be a choice if you like a traditional hiking boot type of feel, but are looking for something lightweight and more mobile.

      If you perhaps already hike in the Altra Olympus trail running shoe in the summer, then a cushioned yet zero-drop boot would be a logical choice for wetter hikes. The Olympus 6 Hike Mid GTX adds the height, although Altra (back to leather) has covered most of the shoe with it. That said, if you are an Altra and especially an Olympus fan, the fit and ride might override this for you. We’ll keep fingers crossed on a GTX Lone Peak Mid, however Altra did just release the Timp 6 Mid GTX Boot. Stay tuned for updates.

      Previous stated caveats aside, if you’re looking for a tough, traditional leather, Gore-Tex, higher backpacking type boot that comes in regular (even narrow!) or wide sizes, look no further than the Lowa Renegade EVO GTX series ($280) for a solid, classic example in this category.
      And on to high stack height enthusiasts, Hoka has you covered with the HOKA Kaha 3 GTX hiking boots that have around an 8mm drop but all the way up to a 40mm stack height in the heel.
      Summary: Best Shoulder Season / Mild Winter Boots
      Salomon X Ultra 5 Mid GORE-TEX
      Merrell Moab 3 Mid GORE-TEX
      Altra Olympus 6 Hike Mid GTX
      Lowa Renegade EVO GTX
      HOKA Kaha 3 GTX Hiking Boots
      Best Deep Winter / Cold Weather Hiking & Backpacking Boots
      When it comes to deep winter and extreme cold, you can only push a typical waterproof / breathable boot so far. At some point, insulation will be needed. This will vary person to person, and depends on conditions, but for me I find around 10F or colder to be about the point where I’ll reach for an insulated boot over one that’s not. This adds a bit of weight, but warmth is worth it.
      In this category breathability is less critical – the outside of your boot will likely be frozen anyway. For warmer (less cold?) conditions in this category we can look to boots very similar to the section above but with a 200g insulation layer added as can be found in the Merrell Thermo Chill 2 Mid waterproof boots ($150). which gets you a boot pretty close to the bread and butter category of boots we’ve previously discussed, but with an insulation boost for cold weather.

      Thick socks will only go so far; for very cold conditions a properly insulated boot will be needed.
      However for more extreme conditions you will ideally want to go with more of a boot that has been designed from the ground up for winter and cold conditions. The Salomon Toundra Pro ($200), with Aerogel insulation and a -4F (stationary) comfort rating offers additional warmth and a higher cut along with an overall design more suited for deep winter conditions from the tread on up. This one can be hard to find as of late. You can try at the aforementioned link and also at REI: men's and women's.
      If that’s not enough, a proper bunny boot may be in order. Take a look at Alaska Gear Company’s Bunny Boot VBX ($260-$390) – this one is insulated with waterproofed wool felt insulation and comes in several temperature ratings (rated to as cold as -79F!) depending on your exact needs. If you’ll be hiking through extreme cold and deep snow and also need your feet to be warm while stationary, a boot of this nature will be the best suited option, and frankly, the warmer the better when it gets this cold.
      Summary: Best Deep Winter / Cold Weather Hiking & Backpacking Boots
      Merrell Thermo Chill 2 Mid Waterproof Boots
      Salomon Toundra Pro
      Alaska Gear Company Bunny Boot VBX
      Conclusion
      The benefits that a mid or high boot can offer cannot be replicated by a low hiking shoe. However, choose carefully – extra weight on your feet weighs more than extra weight in your pack. That said, if you’re headed out on an expedition type trip with a heavy pack or hiking in deep snow there are indeed times when a boot can make all the difference.

      As with all footwear, hiking or not, fit is the most important consideration here along with the features you need – nobody enjoys having to stop on a lunch break to fix hot spots or worse having to constantly battle blisters on a trip. Likely, the best hiking boot for you will be the one that simply fits the best (note that all boots detailed here are available in both men’s and women’s versions and many in various widths). After that, so long as the boot is sufficiently durable, warm enough and waterproof enough, and not overly expensive for the budget, all you have to worry about is where those boots will take you on your next trip.
      For more on features to look for and selection strategy, see our article Choosing the Best Backpacking & Hiking Shoes or Boots. If you've decided to go with a shoe however, see our Best Hiking and Backpacking Shoes by Category article. For a full selection of hiking and backpacking boots, see this page at REI Co-op.
    • Aaron Zagrodnick
      By Aaron Zagrodnick in TrailGroove Blog 0
      Unless I’m mistaken, after trying out a modern backpacking chair for the first time and taking it on that first trip, I’ve taken a chair on every backpacking trip since. That’s a solid 10+ years of backpacking. While the limited use of a chair and the extra, non-necessary weight carried may go against ultralight principles, the comfort in camp is worth it. And with many of my trips featuring a blend of miles plus extra activities like photography or fishing or just watching the scenery, there is some time in camp to be had.

      Modern backpacking chair options, such as the REI Co-op Flexlite Air Chair shown here, can offer packability and quite a bit of comfort for around a pound.
      Best Backpacking Chairs
      For me and when it comes to backpacking chairs with legs, it all started with Alite Designs Monarch Chair, now known and offered as the Grand Trunk Alite Monarch Chair. You can read our full review of the Monarch Chair here. This $90, 18 ounce chair packs up small and is unique in that it has only 2 legs. If this has you skeptical at first, I can tell you right away that it’s easier to balance on this chair than one might at first think, and it makes a lounging, legs-extended position quite comfortable. That said, for sitting upright and cooking it can be a little uneasy at times, and yes, I’ve tipped completely over backwards once…or twice.

      Balanced on the Alite Monarch Chair
      For more stability with 4 legs you have a few options here. One can be found in the Helinox Chair Zero ($140, 17 ounces) – find our full Helinox Chair Zero Review here. This chair has the additional stability (although with any backpacking chair, you have to be careful) and is especially comfortable again in a legs-extended position which is great for the knees at the end of the hiking day. This chair has a more upright seating posture and is a bit higher off the ground than some competitors, all of which makes it easier to get in and out of. Additionally, multiple versions of this chair are available such as a large and a highback.

      Helinox Chair Zero
      For a bit less weight however, the Flexlite Air Chair from REI Co-op ($100, 16 ounces) is quite the contender. Read our Flexlite Air Chair review for all the details, however to summarize you’ll be going about as light as you get here and this chair has a relaxed and a bit lower seating position, but is most comfortable knees bent or legs crossed – which is perfect for preparing a meal in camp. Legs extended I find the seat fabric cuts into your legs a bit, but I do often find myself taking this chair on trips considering its light weight.

      REI Co-op Flexlite Air Chair
      When I want acceptable weight but it’s a more relaxed trip and comfort is a priority, the Helinox Ground Chair ($140, 23 ounces) is my preferred option (see more here: Helinox Ground Chair Review). This one is getting a bit heavy, but I find this chair to be really quite comfortable in a lounging position and it works fine knees-bent as well.

      Helinox Ground Chair
      The only con (other than weight) on this chair is that – appropriate to its name – it's just about right on the ground. Getting in and out can be a bit of a chore, but once you’re there this is the most comfortable chair option I’ve used in the backcountry.
      Summary: Best Backpacking Chairs
      Grand Trunk Alite Designs Monarch Chair
      Helinox Chair Zero
      REI-Co-op Flexlite Air Chair
      Helinox Ground Chair
      Other Backpacking Seating Options
      You can save a bit of weight by going with a stool option. For my backpacking at this point I’d rather go with the heaviest of all options – a rock close to my campsite rather than a stool, so it’s chair or nothing for me or you could just go with a backpacking sit pad. However, preferences vary.
      Additionally if you pack a bear canister, you can just use that, and Crazy Creek has offered chair options (this was actually my first backpacking chair some 30 years ago) that have you sitting in the chair on the ground for many years. If not and a stool works for you, we’ll keep it simple here: the REI Co-op Flexlite Air Stool (about $70, 12 ounces) is an option that will save just a bit of weight over a chair and admittedly, does offer an upgrade over a sitpad or rock.

      Backpacking chairs can be convenient on everything from a day hike to extended trips, and can offer a place to sit when there isn't really one available.
      Conclusion
      While a chair for most of us is not a necessary item for backpacking but is indeed one that is appreciated if you’re spending any amount of downtime in camp, as a luxury it's one where I do look to keep the weight as low as possible. Thankfully, there are a few options out there these days that work for various preferences in regards to seating posture and several different options to suit preferences in regards to comfort. While I still wish every chair I’ve ever carried was just a bit lighter, the weight has always been worth it.
      For a full selection of backpacking and camp chairs, take a look at this page at REI-Co-op.
    • Aaron Zagrodnick
      By Aaron Zagrodnick in TrailGroove Blog 0
      While we’ve reviewed a few versions of the Lone Peak over the years, most of the changes and updates to this shoe have been somewhat minor. Sure, if you take the Lone Peak from 10 years ago and compare it to the Lone Peak 9 line differences are immediately apparent, but the changes (perhaps for the best) have been incremental and small, and at times simply cosmetic.

      That is until now with the new Altra Lone Peak 9+. With my previous Lone Peaks worn down and thinking I might perhaps just be picking up another incremental update with the 9+ – in fact I wasn’t sure if I should pay the premium price over the normal 9, non-plus version – after just a first hike with the 9+ it becomes apparent that this is the biggest and best change to the Lone Peak line since the start.
      Altra Lone Peak 9+ Design & Features
      If you’re not familiar with the Lone Peak line it’s a moderately cushioned shoe (featuring a 25mm stack height) that is “zero drop”, meaning that the heel height is the same as the forefoot, with the goal of promoting a more natural stride. The shoe has a wide toebox with plenty of room, and even comes in a wider width if you’re after a particularly wide shoe. The shoe rounds things out with a somewhat aggressive tread and a rockplate, while keeping things lightweight and breathable.

      Other than that and the “trail rudder” which is a portion of the outsole extending slightly past the heel of the shoe said to help provide additional traction on steep downhills, and along with the gaiter attachment points on the shoe (missing on some previous versions of the Lone Peak but again present on the 9+), what we’ve covered so far rounds out the extras you get with the Lone Peak on top of a pretty standard trail runner.
      One complaint however has accompanied the Lone Peak in a somewhat common fashion for many years – the traction. While the tread pattern is aggressive and I’ve found it has always offered decent traction when new, after a couple hundred miles the outsole lugs wear down and you do begin to rely on the grip of the rubber itself more so than the tread pattern.

      That said, it’s something I’ve been cognizant of and for me it’s always been sufficient, or acceptable – it’s not a climbing shoe after all. However opinions vary, and for others the traction of the shoe has been less than satisfactory.
      For the Lone Peak 9+ Altra partners with Vibram to offer their Lone Peak tread pattern, but made with Vibram rubber. Considering that I’ve always found the traction acceptable but not exemplary I bought the 9+ version (which will cost you about $20 more than standard, resulting in a whopping $160 for a non-waterproof trail running shoe) essentially just so I could stay on top of the latest developments in the Lone Peak line.
      Lone Peak 9+ Impressions and Performance
      Fit
      Fit of the shoe is as you might expect from the Lone Peak – very comfortable with plenty of room for the toes. If the shoe was custom-made for me I’d have the heel made just a bit tighter, but it hasn’t resulted in much nuisance on the trail. While a wide version is offered, the standard version is pretty darn wide. Toes are well protected, you can feel the ground underfoot but the rockplate does its job, stability is just fine, and cushioning is right on – enough where you can just tell it’s helping but without being too soft or raising the stack height up too high for higher angled terrain.

      The laces are almost comically long – prompting a near mandatory double or triple knot for me. But no matter, once you get moving with the 9+ the grip of the new Vibram sole is immediately apparent and I’ve found it to offer surprising traction on everything from dry trails to wet slickrock.
      Traction
      Traction is somewhat reduced by colder temperatures, but overall the traction of the shoe is something to write home about and write about here; the best part for me has been the reduction / near elimination of “microslips” as you hike even on flat ground. It just feels like all your energy is being translated into forward movement, and in my experience descending on something like slickrock your foot just feels “stuck” until you pick it up for the next step.

      I should note that this is the first Lone Peak where I’ve actually noticed the “trail rudder” extension working when working your way down steep downhills. It’s not a huge deal, but seems to add a little something.
      In short it’s the same Lone Peak, just better.
      The Upper
      To cover the rest of the shoe the mesh is tightly woven and not the most breathable; these do run a bit hot even on days with moderate temperatures. It’s a give and take with this type of thing though as this is a nice to have on a crisper fall day, adds durability, and keeps more debris like sand out. You get Lone Peak fit here in that this is one shoe you won't necessarily be rushing to take off at the end of the day. It's comfortable.

      If I had to sum up the Lone Peak 9+ in two words, those two words would have to be comfort, and traction.
      Conclusion
      The Lone Peak 9+ is one of those rare finds where the hype translates to the trail – the grip is the best I’ve experienced in a trail shoe that results in a feeling of confidence and connection to the ground. It feels like this level of grip even adds in a little efficiency as well; it just feels like 100% of the energy you extend to propel yourself forward is doing just that – moving you along the trail. For me I do wish the heel was a bit tighter on fit, but that will vary by user. The price may be hard to justify however, although it is 2025 I’d be more comfortable spending $160 on something like a waterproof / breathable winter boot.
      However, when it comes to a breathable trail running shoe and if you’re willing to pay for what you get, the Lone Peak 9+ is hard to beat.
      You can find the Altra Lone Peak 9+ in both men’s and women’s versions here at REI Co-op. You can also find the shoe at Amazon in the men's version and the women's version.
      Editor's Note: This review of the Lone Peak 9+ originally appeared in Issue 59 of TrailGroove Magazine. You can read the original article here with additional photos and our rating of this hiking / backpacking / trail running shoe.
    • Jen
      By Jen in TrailGroove Blog 0
      Finding the perfect clothing to hike in can be a challenge, particularly if your body doesn't work well wearing unisex clothing. In the past there were not many women's-specific clothing items created for hiking and backpacking. Luckily more manufacturers are designing and selling clothes made for women and their specific needs, and many are providing extended sizing to accommodate more of us.

      Here are some favorite items that are made specifically for women, although individual preferences and requirements vary.
      Best Women's Hiking Pants
      Most of the time, I prefer to hike in long pants, as I tend to be off-trail often and wish to avoid scratches and scrapes on my legs. Also, having long pants helps avoid mosquito-bites and sunburn in the summer. The pants listed below all have been tested on the trail, but since we all have unique shapes and preferences, be sure to try these on before heading out for a long hike.

      The Outdoor Research Ferrosi Pants ($110) are very comfortable and lightweight with a decent amount of stretch. The fabric is so light, that I can wear it on the hottest days without any issue of overheating, and they dry very quickly. Surprisingly, the material is quite durable for being so thin. These are mid-rise pants and do tend to run large - luckily the drawstring around the waist can help to adjust them further. There are drawstrings around the leg cuffs also, which is great for modifying fit, but I've also found myself stepping on them at times. Overall, these pants are so comfortable, that I keep going back to them despite the other pairs of pants I have. Extended sizing from 0 to 24W (some petite & tall also available).
      If you prefer convertible pants, the REI Sahara Convertible Pants ($89.85) are a good bet. They zip off just above the knee to become shorts on those hotter hiking days. There are also zippers that run up the outside of the leg from the foot to the shorts, so you can partially unzip for ventilation or unzip completely and convert to shorts without taking off your shoes/boots. These are mid-rise pants, and are quick drying and treated with DWR to resist water as well. Keep in mind, the zippered areas will have less stretch, so be sure they are comfortable for you before taking them on a trip particularly if (like me) you have thicker thighs. Sizes 0 to 26W, with tall and petite up to size 16.

      For versatile pants that work great on the trail as well as around town, check out Prana Halle Pants ($95). These are boot-cut and low-rise, and have 2 buttons at the waist along with a drawstring. The material is a bit thicker and less breathable than the ones above, so keep the conditions in mind when you look at these pants. I like to wear them on shoulder-season hikes for this reason, but on the other hand they are very durable and well-made. They are treated to be water repellent and UPF50+. Prana also offers the Stretch Zion Halle Pants, which are straight-legged and mid-rise with a slightly lighter but similar fabric. Both come in sizes 00 to 16.
      A well-known name in outdoor clothing, Columbia offers several hiking pant options including the Leslie Falls Convertible Pants ($85). These pants are made with UPF50 fabric with Omni-Shield to be repellent to rain and stains. They convert to shorts with zippers above the knees, and they also convert to capris by rolling up the cuffs and securing with snaps on each leg. They are available in short, regular, and long inseams in sizes 2-18, as well as 16W to 24W and are slim-fitting in the hips and thighs, so you may consider sizing up if you'd like a looser fit.
      Best Women's Hiking Skorts / Skirts
      If you prefer hiking in a skirt, a proven favorite is the Purple Rain Adventure Skirt ($79.99) which is designed by a hiker specifically for the trail, although it looks great off the trail too. It is synthetic and water resistant (PFAS-free DWR), with pockets and a comfortable waistband for under your hip belt. Sizes XS to 3XL.

      If you prefer skorts, the Prana Koen Skort ($74) is a great choice. The Koen Skort has a thick and comfortable waistband that doesn't roll and can be cinched for better fit. It is made of a lightweight, quick-drying material and can be made shorter by cinching up the sides. The shorts are quite comfortable for hiking, not too tight and not too short. Sizes XS to XXL.
      Best Women's Hiking Shirts
      There are so many variations of shirts to wear on the trail, and I often switch things up depending on the location and weather conditions of my hikes. Also, many of these shirts allow for layering, which is the best way to account for changing conditions. Here are some items I've found that work well.
      T-Shirts
      The Patagonia Capilene Cool Daily Shirt ($49) is a short sleeved, synthetic, moisture-wicking, and fast-drying t-shirt that comes in several colors and with graphic tee options as well. This is a good basic t-shirt that is comfortable with a little stretch, and it will work well under other shirts or on its own. Sizes XXS to XXL.
      For wool the Woolverino Microweight 145 Women's Wool V-Neck ($69.99) is a lightweight tee made with a merino wool blend (84% Merino Wool, 12% Nylon, 4% Spandex). It has raglan sleeves for comfort, and is long enough to fit under backpack hip belts. Although a great shirt, be careful to avoid snags and significant abrasion. It is machine washable and UPF20. Sizes XS to 2X.
      Our own TrailGroove synthetic Performance Shirt is also a go-to of mine on warmer hikes and serving as a baselayer in other conditions. The more relaxed fit allows for comfort and breathability and being 100% synthetic, it dries extremely fast.

      An affordable and versatile option is the Under Armour Women’s Tech Twist Short Sleeve V-Neck ($25). This synthetic t-shirt also comes in a crew neck and in many colors. It is a very lightweight shirt that can be used for running, hiking, or any other workout as it is sweat-wicking and quick-drying. Friendly note: the lighter colors can be slightly transparent. Sizes XS to 3X.
      Tank Tops
      The REI Co-op Sahara Shade Tank Top ($34.95) is a UPF 50+ sleeveless top that is perfect for hiking in hot conditions. It has a higher neck and is long enough to fit below hip belts. As with most of our options, it is quick drying and comes in a large range of sizes. Be sure to protect those shoulders if you'll be in the sun, though! Sizes XS to 3X.
      A tank version of the Woolverino tee above – the Woolverino Women's Racerback Tank Top ($59.99) – has the same breathable, lightweight wool blend as the tee, but in a sleeveless racerback. This shirt has less coverage than the REI tank above, and is machine washable. Again, handle with care and watch for snags. Sizes XS to 3X.
      Long Sleeve Sun Protection
      When you need extra sun protection, check out the Outdoor Research Echo Long Sleeve Shirt ($65). It has raglan sleeves and flat seams to allow easy movement with comfort. It is made of a very lightweight, stretchy, and extremely breathable fabric – so much that it can be see-through. The Echo shirt can be used as a base layer for all 4 seasons as well and is UPF 15. Previous versions had roll down cuffs to cover hands, and I’m hoping OR will consider adding that back to newer versions. Sizes XXS to XXL.

      For a more traditional, collared shirt, the Columbia PFG Tamiami II Long-Sleeve Women's Shirt ($60) is a classic choice. It has snaps instead of buttons, and is a very lightweight shirt with UPF40 protection. This shirt is easy to layer with a tank or t-shirt underneath. It has a vented back, zippered side pockets and roll-up sleeves. Sizes XS to 3X.
      For ultimate sun-protection, especially on the back of your neck, a hooded shirt is a great option. The Mountain Hardwear Crater Lake Long-Sleeve Hoody ($79) is UPF50+ and made of a lightweight, "solar knit jersey" with flat seam construction for comfort. There is a drawcord at the hem to shorten if needed, and it has thumbholes that allow extra coverage over hands. There is one small zippered pocket for valuables on the side. Wear with a baseball cap (see the TrailGroove Store) or trucker hat to provide more coverage. Sizes XS to 3X.
      Best Women's Outerwear (Rain Gear, Insulated Jackets)
      When hiking on overnight and longer trips, carrying the right outerwear allows you to be prepared for any weather situation. It's important to pay attention to current conditions as well as forecasts, but sometimes a storm will surprise you even with the most pleasant hiking forecast. When backpacking in the warmer months, I stick to ultralight items as they spend most of their time in my backpack, but I do need them to be dependable for the few times I do need them. Typically, this includes a rain jacket and rain pants (stored where I can access them quickly) and an insulated jacket for warmth. During colder trips, I will layer these items and sometimes add more specialized winter clothing.

      One ultralight women's rain jacket is the Marmot Women's Superalloy Bio Rain Jacket ($185) which is quite lightweight and listed as 5 oz, although mine is slightly higher at 5.75 oz. This jacket has a zippered chest pocket which can be used as a stuff sack for easy packing. It is made with Marmot's NanoPro breathable fabric membrane and taped seams, being both waterproof and windproof. Sizes XS to XL.
      Zpacks offers the Women's Vertice Rain Jacket ($299) which weighs just 5.1 oz. It is made with their Vertice Waterproof Breathable Fabric and has fully taped seams. This jacket runs a little long for full rain protection and ease of use with a backpack. There is a visor in the hood that adjusts vertically with a strap on the back of the hood, and a zippered chest pocket that doubles as a stuff sack. There are waterproof armpit zippers for ventilation. Sizes XS to XL. The Zpacks Women's Vertice Rain Pants are similarly made with the Vertice Waterproof Breathable Fabric and weigh just 2.5 oz. These pants come in sizes S to XXL.

      For warmth, I carry a packable down jacket which I store protected in my pack to keep from getting wet. Some may prefer a synthetic jacket instead of down, which will also work well, but may not pack as small and will likely weigh a bit more. My go-to is the Montbell Alpine Light Down Parka ($285). It is quite warm for its weight (12.8 oz) and made with 800 Fill Power EX down. The Alpine Light has some thoughtful features, such as an adjustable hood for a close fit and zip end guards to protect your face/chin from getting poked by the end of the zipper (I wish all jackets had this).
      One thing to note...the jackets listed above only go to up women's size XL. So, if you are in need of a larger size in this type of clothing, the men's sizes go up to XXL which will give larger chest and hip/waist measurements, but also longer sleeves. That said, the REI Co-op Women's Magma Down Hoodie offers a more budget-friendly option here that goes up to 3X in women's sizing.
      There are many other options for rain jackets in extended sizes, but they have a tradeoff in being much heavier materials. One exception might be the Frogg Toggs Women's Xtreme Lite Hooded Jacket ($69.99) which comes in sizes S through 2XL.
      Best Women’s Backpacking / Hiking Base Layers
      The perfect base layers are essential for backpacking trips with cooler overnight temperatures or when hiking in very cold conditions. The base layers can also serve as comfortable (and clean) pajamas to keep your sleeping bag clean. There are many options, but remember you want to have breathable and moisture-wicking clothes in case you have to wear them while hiking. Also, the lighter the better in many cases, if you'll be carrying them on your back much of the time.

      Made with a breathable fabric, the REI Co-op Lightweight Half-Zip Base Layer Top and Tights are a dependable choice. $49.95 (top) & $44.95 (tights). These all-synthetic pieces (92% recycled polyester) are also UPF50+, and the top is high-neck and half-zip for warmth but with the flexibility to unzip and cool down a bit. The top also has underarm gussets, and both top and bottoms have flat seams. Both pieces are offered in sizes XS-3X, and the tights have Petite sizing options. The top weighs 5.7 oz, and the tights weigh 4.3 oz.
      For a more natural fabric, there is the Smartwool Classic Thermal Merino Base Layer Crew & Bottom ($125 each) which come in sizes XS-4X and in several colors and patterns. These are made from 100% merino wool, which has the natural benefits of temperature regulation and odor resistance. The top also comes in quarter-zip. 7.69 oz top. 7.3 oz bottom.
      Best Women’s Hiking Underwear
      Underwear choices are so individual, not just because of preferences, but also because of our unique bodies. The suggestions below will not work for everyone, and again, make sure what you have fits well and is comfortable before heading out on a trip. No one wants underclothes that itch, bunch, or slide around when you're trying to enjoy a hike.
      The REI Co-op Active Bikini Underwear ($19.95) are a good synthetic choice. They are made of fast-drying and moisture-wicking fabric and are not super tight. I have a pair that has lasted several years with very little sign of wear. These are so lightweight that it's easy to throw an extra pair or two in your pack. Sizes XS to 3X.

      The Woolly Women's Bikini Brief ($34) is made of natural fibers and also comes in hipster, thong, and high-waisted options. The merino wool is blended with 5% elastane, and may stretch quite a lot after a while of hiking. Again, make sure the fit is right and that it's comfortable for you. Sizes X-Small to XX-Large.
      Sports Bras for Hiking
      Regarding bras, it is best to pick one that fits you well, doesn't cause friction with your backpack, and doesn't slip while hiking. Some women go very light with a bralette, while others prefer (or require) more support even including underwire and thick padding. My preferences have tended to be in the middle. One example is the Beyond Yoga Spacedye Lift Your Spirits Bra ($66); it is a moisture-wicking sports bra with removable pads. It provides light to medium support and comes in sizes XX-Small to 4X.
      For lighter coverage, there is the Branwyn Essential Bralette ($52), which has no underwire or padding, but is a seamless merino blend. This bralette has the benefits of merino that make it a good choice for sweaty hikes. The "gentle support" is comfortable, but may not work for women who require more support / prefer more coverage while hiking. It has convertible straps, which can be used to make it a crossback bra to help avoid chafing. Comes in sizes XS to XXL. Branwyn also makes the Essential Busty Bra ($62) with a thicker band, larger cups, and slightly wider (still convertible) straps, but is still lightweight without padding or underwire.

      For a bra with more support, there is the Under Armour Infinity Mid Impact Sports Bra ($40). It has injection-molded pads (not removable) that feel very light along with a sweat-wicking band. There is a hook and eye closure in the back for easy on/off, and the straps can be worn straight or crossback by detaching at the front. There are small mesh panels on the sides to provide extra ventilation. Available in sizes XS to XL, in 2 options (A-C cup, D-DD cup), and also available in plus sizes 1X-3X.

      While this guide should get you started, it all comes down to what clothing works best for you on the trail and in the conditions you expect to encounter.
      Conclusion
      Hopefully these suggestions help you get on the trail with clothes that don’t just work but work and fit well. In addition to the suggestions above, be sure to check out REI Co-op clearance sales in the Outlet for highly-rated backpacking and hiking gear for a discounted price.
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